21st Century Learning Transformation: Integrating Technology for More Personalized and Effective Education

Abstract

This article explores the integration of technology in 21st-century education as a driver of personalization and learning effectiveness. Using a systematic literature study with a qualitative approach, this study analyzes relevant literature from 2020 to 2025 through thematic analysis. The results of the analysis identified four main themes: (1) the role of technology in facilitating personalized learning through AI-based adaptive systems, flexible online platforms, and learning analytics; (2) the positive impact of technology on learning effectiveness, including improving learning outcomes, student engagement, and 21st century skills development; (3) challenges and opportunities in technology implementation, such as the digital divide and the potential of hybrid learning models and AI; and (4) the transformation of the role of teachers into facilitators and designers of technology-supported learning. The discussion emphasized the transformative potential of technology in education, while highlighting the challenges that need to be overcome for successful and equitable implementation. This article concludes that strategic technology integration and supported by adequate teacher professional development can create a more personalized, effective, and relevant learning environment for 21st-century students.