The Impact of Deforestation on Biodiversity Dynamics: A Study on Tropical Forest Ecosystems

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the impact of deforestation on biodiversity dynamics in tropical forest ecosystems. The focus of the research is directed at changes in species composition, the loss of flora and fauna diversity, and their implications for ecosystem stability. The method used is a descriptive qualitative approach through literature review and analysis of various research results related to deforestation in tropical forest areas. Data was obtained from scientific journals, reports of environmental organizations, and relevant forestry policy documents. The results show that deforestation activities cause a significant decrease in the number of species due to the loss of natural habitats, fragmentation of forest areas, and disruption of the food chain. The change in biotic communities is characterized by a decline in the population of endemic species as well as an increase in the dominance of species that are more adaptive to environmental disturbances. In addition, deforestation also has an impact on ecosystem stability through the reduction of ecological functions such as nutrient cycling, carbon storage, and water management regulation. The findings of the study confirm that biodiversity sustainability is highly dependent on sustainable forest conservation and management efforts. Therefore, a habitat protection strategy, ecosystem restoration, and strengthening environmental policies are needed to minimize the negative impact of deforestation on tropical forest ecosystems.